In this guide
Review note
General patient education only. It does not replace an examination by a dentist.
Use this guide to better understand the topic, identify useful questions and prepare for a more informed conversation with your dentist.
What can cause a severe toothache?
Tooth pain can come from decay, an inflamed or infected dental pulp, a cracked tooth, gum problems, an impacted tooth or trauma. The cause cannot always be identified from symptoms alone.
What you can do before your appointment
Keep the area clean, rinse gently with clean water and avoid placing aspirin or harsh chemicals directly on the tooth or gum.
- Avoid very hot, cold or sugary foods if they trigger pain.
- Use only medicines that are safe for you and follow the label or professional advice.
- Arrange a dental assessment rather than relying on pain relief alone.
When the problem may be urgent
Seek prompt professional care if tooth pain is severe, persistent, associated with swelling, fever, difficulty opening the mouth, facial swelling or trauma. Breathing or swallowing difficulty needs emergency medical attention.
Clinical context
Individual dental assessment matters.
Dental information can help you understand a topic, but symptoms that appear similar can have different causes and treatment needs.
If you are concerned about your own oral health, a dentist can assess the situation and discuss what may be appropriate for you.
Explore further
Related treatments
Treatment links are provided for further reading and do not mean that a particular treatment is suitable for every person.